Qt for Linux/X11 - 从源代码构建

可以下载 Qt 5 源代码，从下载页面。更多信息，拜访 Qt 快速入门页面。

Qt for X11 has some requirements that are given in more detail in the Qt for X11 要求文档。

Step 1: Installing the License File (Commercially Licensed Qt Only)

若在商业许可下使用 Qt，则 Qt 工具会查找本地许可文件。若正使用二进制安装程序或商用 Qt Creator，则会自动取出许可并存储在本地用户 Profile (配置文件) 中 ( $XDG_DATA_HOME/Qt/qtlicenses.ini file).

若不使用任何二进制安装程序或 Qt Creator，可以下载各自的许可文件从您的 Qt 帐户 Web 门户并将其保存到您的用户 Profile (配置文件) 作为 $HOME/.qt-license 。若偏爱不同的位置或文件名，需要设置 QT_LICENSE_FILE 环境变量到各个文件路径。

Step 2: Unpacking the Archive

Unpack the archive if you have not done so already. For example, if you have the qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar.gz package, type the following commands at a command line prompt:

cd /tmp
gunzip qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar.gz        # uncompress the archive
tar xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%.tar          # unpack it

This creates the directory /tmp/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION% containing the files from the archive. We only support the GNU version of the tar archiving utility. Note that on some systems it is called gtar.

Step 3: Building the Library

To configure the Qt library for your machine type, run the ./configure script in the package directory.

By default, Qt is configured for installation in the /usr/local/Qt-%VERSION% directory, but this can be changed by using the -prefix 选项。

cd /tmp/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-%VERSION%
./configure

The 配置选项页面包含有关 configure 选项的更多信息。

To create the library and compile all the examples, tools, and tutorials, type:

make

若 -prefix is outside the build directory, you need to install the library, examples, tools, and tutorials in the appropriate place. To do this (as root if necessary), type:

make install

Note that on some systems the make utility is named differently, e.g. gmake. The configure script tells you which make utility to use.

注意： 若以后需要在相同位置重新配置和重构 Qt，确保移除所有先前配置痕迹，通过进入构建目录并键入 make confclean 先于运行 configure 再次。

Step 4: Set the Environment Variables

In order to use Qt, some environment variables needs to be extended.

PATH               - to locate qmake, moc and other Qt tools

This is done like this:

在 .profile (if your shell is bash, ksh, zsh or sh), add the following lines:

PATH=/usr/local/Qt-%VERSION%/bin:$PATH
export PATH

在 .login (in case your shell is csh or tcsh), add the following line:

setenv PATH /usr/local/Qt-%VERSION%/bin:$PATH

If you use a different shell, please modify your environment variables accordingly.

For compilers that do not support rpath you must also extended the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable to include /usr/local/Qt-%VERSION%/lib . On Linux with GCC this step is not needed.