材质风格

The Material Style is based on the Google Material Design Guidelines. 更多...

import 语句：	import QtQuick.Controls.Material 2.12
Since:	Qt 5.7

附加特性

accent : color
background : color
elevation : int
foreground : color
primary : color
theme : enumeration

Attached Methods

color color (enumeration predefined, enumeration shade)

详细描述

The Material style is based on the Google 材质设计指导方针 . It allows for a unified experience across platforms and device sizes.

The Material style in light theme

The Material style in dark theme

To run an application with the Material style, see 在 Qt Quick Controls 中使用风格 .

注意： The Material style is not a native Android style. The Material style is a 100% cross-platform Qt Quick Controls style implementation that follows the Google Material Design Guidelines. The style runs on any platform, and looks more or less identical everywhere. Minor differences may occur due to differences in available system fonts and font rendering engines.

定制

The Material style allows customizing five attributes, theme , primary , accent , foreground ，和 background .

All attributes can be specified for any window or item, and they automatically propagate to children in the same manner as fonts . In the following example, the window and all three radio buttons appear in the dark theme using a purple accent color:

import QtQuick 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls 2.12
import QtQuick.Controls.Material 2.12
ApplicationWindow {
    visible: true
    Material.theme: Material.Dark
    Material.accent: Material.Purple
    Column {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        RadioButton { text: qsTr("Small") }
        RadioButton { text: qsTr("Medium");  checked: true }
        RadioButton { text: qsTr("Large") }
    }
}

In addition to specifying the attributes in QML, it is also possible to specify them via environment variables or in a configuration file. Attributes specified in QML take precedence over all other methods.

配置文件

变量	描述
`Theme`	指定默认材质主题 . The value can be one of the available themes, for example `"Dark"` .
`Variant`	Specifies the Material variant. The Material Design has two variants: a normal variant designed for touch devices, and a dense variant for desktop. The dense variant uses smaller sizes for controls and their fonts. The value can be `"Normal"` or `"Dense"` .
`Accent`	指定默认 Material accent color 。值可以是任何 color , but it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Teal"` .
`Primary`	指定默认 Material primary color 。值可以是任何 color , but it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色，例如 `"BlueGrey"` .
`Foreground`	指定默认材质前景颜色。值可以是任何 color ，或某一预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Brown"` .
`Background`	指定默认材质背景颜色。值可以是任何 color ，或某一预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Grey"` .

见 Qt Quick Controls 配置文件了解有关配置文件的更多细节。

环境变量

变量	描述
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_THEME`	指定默认材质主题 . The value can be one of the available themes, for example `"Dark"` .
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_VARIANT`	Specifies the Material variant. The Material Design has two variants: a normal variant designed for touch devices, and a dense variant for desktop. The dense variant uses smaller sizes for controls and their fonts. The value can be `"Normal"` or `"Dense"` .
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_ACCENT`	指定默认 Material accent color 。值可以是任何 color , but it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Teal"` .
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_PRIMARY`	指定默认 Material primary color 。值可以是任何 color , but it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色，例如 `"BlueGrey"` .
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_FOREGROUND`	指定默认材质前景颜色。值可以是任何 color ，或某一预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Brown"` .
`QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_BACKGROUND`	指定默认材质背景颜色。值可以是任何 color ，或某一预定义材质颜色，例如 `"Grey"` .

见 Qt Quick Controls 支持的环境变量 for the full list of supported environment variables.

依赖

The Material style must be separately imported to gain access to the attributes that are specific to the Material style. It should be noted that regardless of the references to the Material style, the same application code runs with any other style. Material-specific attributes only have an effect when the application is run with the Material style.

If the Material style is imported in a QML file that is always loaded, the Material style must be deployed with the application in order to be able to run the application regardless of which style the application is run with. By using file selectors , style-specific tweaks can be applied without creating a hard dependency to a style.

Pre-defined Material Colors

Even though primary and accent can be any color , it is recommended to use one of the pre-defined colors that have been designed to work well with the rest of the Material style palette:

Available pre-defined colors:

常量	描述
`Material.Red`	#F44336
`Material.Pink`	#E91E63 (default accent)
`Material.Purple`	#9C27B0
`Material.DeepPurple`	#673AB7
`Material.Indigo`	#3F51B5 (default primary)
`Material.Blue`	#2196F3
`Material.LightBlue`	#03A9F4
`Material.Cyan`	#00BCD4
`Material.Teal`	#009688
`Material.Green`	#4CAF50
`Material.LightGreen`	#8BC34A
`Material.Lime`	#CDDC39
`Material.Yellow`	#FFEB3B
`Material.Amber`	#FFC107
`Material.Orange`	#FF9800
`Material.DeepOrange`	#FF5722
`Material.Brown`	#795548
`Material.Grey`	#9E9E9E
`Material.BlueGrey`	#607D8B

When the dark theme is in use, different shades of the pre-defined colors are used by default:

常量	描述
`Material.Red`	#EF9A9A
`Material.Pink`	#F48FB1 (default accent)
`Material.Purple`	#CE93D8
`Material.DeepPurple`	#B39DDB
`Material.Indigo`	#9FA8DA (default primary)
`Material.Blue`	#90CAF9
`Material.LightBlue`	#81D4FA
`Material.Cyan`	#80DEEA
`Material.Teal`	#80CBC4
`Material.Green`	#A5D6A7
`Material.LightGreen`	#C5E1A5
`Material.Lime`	#E6EE9C
`Material.Yellow`	#FFF59D
`Material.Amber`	#FFE082
`Material.Orange`	#FFCC80
`Material.DeepOrange`	#FFAB91
`Material.Brown`	#BCAAA4
`Material.Grey`	#EEEEEE
`Material.BlueGrey`	#B0BEC5

Pre-defined Shades

There are several different shades of each pre-defined color that can be passed to the Material.color() 函数：

常量	值
`Material.Shade50`
`Material.Shade100`
`Material.Shade200`
`Material.Shade300`
`Material.Shade400`
`Material.Shade500`
`Material.Shade600`
`Material.Shade700`
`Material.Shade800`
`Material.Shade900`
`Material.ShadeA100`
`Material.ShadeA200`
`Material.ShadeA400`
`Material.ShadeA700`

另请参阅 默认风格 , 通用风格

Variants

The Material style also supports a dense variant, where controls like buttons and delegates are smaller in height and use smaller font sizes. It is recommended to use the dense variant on desktop platforms, where a mouse and keyboard allow more precise and flexible user interaction.

To use the dense variant, either set the QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_VARIANT 环境变量到 Dense , or specify Variant=Dense 在 qtquickcontrols2.conf file. The default value in both cases is Normal .

The following images illustrate the differences between some of the controls when using the normal and dense variants:

Note that the heights shown above may vary based on differences in fonts across platforms.

附加特性文档编制

Material.accent : color

This attached property holds the accent color of the theme. The property can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.

默认值为 Material.Pink .

In the following example, the accent color of the highlighted button is changed to Material.Orange :

Button {
    text: qsTr("Button")
    highlighted: true
    Material.accent: Material.Orange
}

注意： Even though the accent can be any color , it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色 that have been designed to work well with the rest of the Material style palette.

Material.background : color

This attached property holds the background color of the theme. The property can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.

The default value is theme-specific (light or dark).

In the following example, the background color of the button is changed to Material.Teal :

Button {
    text: qsTr("Button")
    highlighted: true
    Material.background: Material.Teal
}

Material.elevation : int

This attached property holds the elevation of the control. The higher the elevation, the deeper the shadow. The property can be attached to any control, but not all controls visualize elevation.

The default value is control-specific.

In the following example, the elevation of the pane is set to 6 in order to achieve the look of an elevated card :

Pane {
    width: 120
    height: 120
    Material.elevation: 6
    Label {
        text: qsTr("I'm a card!")
        anchors.centerIn: parent
    }
}

Material.foreground : color

This attached property holds the foreground color of the theme. The property can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.

The default value is theme-specific (light or dark).

In the following example, the foreground color of the button is set to Material.Pink :

Button {
    text: qsTr("Button")
    Material.foreground: Material.Pink
}

Material.primary : color

This attached property holds the primary color of the theme. The property can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.

The primary color is used as the background color of ToolBar 在默认情况下。

默认值为 Material.Indigo .

注意： Even though the primary can be any color , it is recommended to use one of the 预定义材质颜色 that have been designed to work well with the rest of the Material style palette.

Material.theme : enumeration

This attached property holds whether the theme is light or dark. The property can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.

Available themes:

常量	描述
`Material.Light`	Light theme (default)
`Material.Dark`	暗黑主题
`Material.System`	System theme

Setting the theme to 系统 chooses either the light or dark theme based on the system theme colors. However, when reading the value of the theme property, the value is never 系统 , but the actual theme.

In the following example, the theme for both the pane and the button is set to Material.Dark :

Pane {
    Material.theme: Material.Dark
    Button {
        text: qsTr("Button")
    }
}

Attached Method Documentation

color color ( enumeration predefined , enumeration shade )

This attached method returns the effective color value of the specified pre-defined Material color combined with the given shade . If omitted, the shade argument defaults to Material.Shade500 .

Rectangle {
    color: Material.color(Material.Red)
}

风格化 Qt Quick Controls