The Places API allows users to discover places of interest and view details about them, such as address and contact information. Some places may have additional content associated with them, such as images and reviews. The Places API also facilitates management of places and categories, allowing users to save and remove them.
A Plugin is an abstraction for a backend. One Plugin might access places from a REST server while another may access places from a local database. The following instantiates a Plugin object by providing a name of "osm". The Plugin name identifies which backend to choose from. Plugins may also be provided with a set of 参数 , which essentially takes the form of a set of key-value pairs. The 参数 that can be specified vary among the different Plugin backends. For documentation on the possible 参数 and nuances of each Plugin ，见 Plugin References .
Plugin { id: myPlugin name: "osm" //specify plugin parameters as necessary //PluginParameter {...} //PluginParameter {...} //... }
注意： The HERE plugin must be supplied with some mandatory parameters as outlined in the HERE Plugin 文档编制。
The QML Places API is built around the notion of models, views and delegates.
| Model | A model holds data items and maintains their structure. The model is also responsible for retrieving the items from a data source. |
| View | A view is a visual container that displays the data and manages how visual items are shown such as in a list or a grid. The view may also be responsible for navigating the data, for example, scrolling through the visual items during a flicking motion. |
| 委托 | A delegate defines how individual data elements should appear as visual items in the view. The models expose a set of data roles and the delegate uses them to construct a visual item. The delegate may also define behaviour such as an operation to invoke when a visual item is clicked. |
The Common Use Cases section below demonstrates concrete examples of how these concepts fit together.
Searching is accomplished via the
PlaceSearchModel
。
plugin
property specifies which backend to perform search operations against. Search parameters may be provided through properties such as the
searchTerm
and
searchArea
. A search operation can then be started by invoking the
update()
method. For simplicity, the snippet below invokes
update()
once construction of the model as been completed, typically
update()
would be invoked in response to a user action such as a button click. While the search operation is underway the
PlaceSearchModel::status
property transitions into the
Loading
state and when successfully completed moves into the
Ready
状态。
PlaceSearchModel { id: searchModel plugin: myPlugin searchTerm: "pizza" searchArea: QtPositioning.circle(startCoordinate); Component.onCompleted: update() }
A ListView can be used to show the search results found by the model. It defines the visual region for where the results are shown, and in the case below fills the entirety of its parent. The ListView has built in behavior that enables the region to respond to flicking events and to scroll appropriately.
In the snippet below, the search model has been assigned to the ListView 's model property. When the model is updated with new results, the ListView is automatically updated to reflect the model's new data items.
A simple delegate has been bound to the ListView 's delegate property. The PlaceSearchModel exposes a set of roles of which the title and place roles have been used below, these are of type string and Place respectively. Essentially for each data item that should be visible in the view, the view invokes the delegate to create a visual representation of the item.
ListView { anchors.fill: parent model: searchModel delegate: Component { Row { spacing: 5 Marker { height: parent.height } Column { Text { text: title; font.bold: true } Text { text: place.location.address.text } } } } } |
|
注意：
For simplicty's sake we have assumed that every search result is of
type
PlaceSearchResult
and so always have access to the
place
role, other search result types may not have a
place
角色。
见 Places List example for full source code.
Instead of a ListView ， PlaceSearchModel can be used in conjunction with a MapItemView to display markers on a map. Firstly a Map is used to define the visual region occupied by the map, in this case it fills the entirety of its parent. Other properties are specified such as the plugin providing the maps, and the map's center and zoomLevel .
Inside the Map ， MapItemView is declared, where the model property has been set to the search model and a delegate consisting of a MapQuickItem is used to display a marker image. A marker is shown for every place that was found by the search model. The delegate uses the place role to position the marker.
Map { id: map anchors.fill: parent plugin: myPlugin; center: locationOslo zoomLevel: 13 MapItemView { model: searchModel delegate: MapQuickItem { coordinate: place.location.coordinate anchorPoint.x: image.width * 0.5 anchorPoint.y: image.height sourceItem: Column { Image { id: image; source: "marker.png" } Text { text: title; font.bold: true } } } } } |
|
注意：
For simplicty's sake we have assumed that every search result is of
type
PlaceSearchResult
and so always have access to the
place
role, other search result types may not have a
place
角色。
见 Places Map example for full source code.
In order to save bandwidth, sometimes a backend will only return places which are partially populated with details. This can be checked with the Place::detailsFetched property which indicates whether all availalable details have been fetched or not. If not, the Place::getDetails () method can be invoked to fetch the remaining details.
if (!place.detailsFetched) place.getDetails();
Some backends may support saving and removing places. This can be done by calling the
Place::save
() 和
Place::remove
() methods respectively. Note that in order to save a
Place
，
Plugin
must be assigned to specify which backend we are saving to. The
status
property will transition into the
Saving
state while the save operation is happening and on successful completion will move to the
Ready
state. The following snippet shows how to save and remove a place using javascript.
//creating and saving a place var place = Qt.createQmlObject('import QtLocation 5.3; Place { }', parent); place.plugin = myPlugin; place.name = "New York"; place.location.coordinate.latitude = 40.7 place.location.coordinate.longitude = -74.0 place.save(); //removing a place place.remove();
The above snippets only exhibit a small subset of Places functionality. Refer to the Places Types shown below for richer content such as images , reviews etc, as well as more indepth descriptions and explanations.
另请参阅 Places (QML) example for a more comprehensive demonstration on how to use the API.
| Category | Type represents a category that a Place can be associated with |
| ContactDetail | Type holds a contact detail such as a phone number or a website address |
| ContactDetails | Type holds contact details for a Place |
| ExtendedAttributes | Type holds additional data about a Place |
| 图标 | Type represents an icon image source which can have multiple sizes |
| Place | Type represents a location that is a position of interest |
| PlaceAttribute | Type holds generic place attribute information |
| Ratings | Type holds place rating information |
| Supplier | Holds data regarding the supplier of a place, a place's image, review, or editorial |
| User | Type identifies a user who contributed a particular Place content item |
| CategoryModel | Type provides a model of the categories supported by a Plugin |
| EditorialModel | Type provides a model of place editorials |
| ImageModel | Type provides a model of place images |
| PlaceSearchModel | Provides access to place search results |
| PlaceSearchSuggestionModel | Provides access to search term suggestions |
| ReviewModel | Provides access to reviews of a Place |
